Common Hacking Techniques for 2020 || Types of Hacking

Types of hacking || Hacking technology is ever evolving, and it is important to keep up with new threats.

Hackers are usually followed by two things from your business: data or money. They are usually motivated by both, as exposing a wealth of data can help them with cash.

Compromised data can cost you dearly. According to the Ponmon Institute, “the average cost of data breeches by 2019 is $ 3.92 million.” Only large corporations do not aim. According to a Verizon data breech investigation, “43% of breech victims were small businesses.”
Reputable reimbursement and recovery costs from a well executed hack can put you out of business. Prosperity in 2020 by educating your employees on the most common hacking techniques that harm the environment of your organization everywhere this year:

Social Engineering & Phishing

Social engineering is an effort to get you to share personal information, usually by using a reliable source.

A variety of social engineering fights come in the form of phishing emails, while a clever hacker sends you a message that looks like it belongs to someone you know, asking you to do something, such as giving them money. Giving, or downloading / downloading an infected attachment. See more

“The top malicious email attachment types are .doc and .dot which make up 37%. Next up at 19.5% is .exe, “according to Simatek’s Internet Security

Threat report, so be careful not to open this type of attachment. They can infect your device with malware, causing bad actors to control your data.

What you can do: Never give your employees personal business information over email to think before opening any attachment and to educate them about avoiding email scams. || types of hacking

1.What is a social engineering attack?

In a social engineering attack, an attacker uses human interaction (social skills) to obtain or compromise information about an organization or its computer system. An attacker may find it rude and honorable, presumably claiming to be a new employee, repairer, or researcher, and even offering credentials to support that identity. However, by asking questions, he may be able to piece together enough information to infiltrate an organization’s network. If an attacker is not able to collect enough information from one source, it can contact another source within the same organization and rely on the information from the first source.

2.What is a phishing attack?

Phishing is a form of social engineering. Phishing attacks use email or malicious websites to deal with personal information by presenting it as a trustworthy organization. For example, an attacker may send an email from a reputable credit card company or financial institution requesting account information, often suggesting that there is a problem. When users respond with the requested information, attackers can use it to gain access to accounts.

Phishing attacks may also come from other types of organizations, such as charities. Attackers often take advantage of current events and certain times of the year, such as.

• Natural disasters (e.g., Hurricane Katrina, Indonesian tsunami)
• Epidemics and health scares (e.g., H1N1, COVID-19)
• Economic concerns (e.g., IRS scams)
• Major political elections
• Holidays

Malware-Injecting Devices

Cyber ​​Criminals can use hardware to sneak malware onto your computer. You may have heard of an infected USB stick, which can give hackers remote access to your device as soon as it is plugged into your computer.

All it takes is one person to give you a malware-infested USB stick, and just by plugging it into your computer, you get infected. Clever hackers are now using cords to use malware – such as USB cables and mouse cords – so always before plugging anything into any work device or a personal advice with access to work-related data It is important to think.  ||  types of hacking

What are the Types of Malware?

While there are many different variations of malware, you are most likely to encounter the following malware types:

Below, we describe how they work and provide real-world examples of each.

Missing Security Patches

Security tools such as Hacking Landscape Advance can be outdated, and require frequent updates to protect against new threats. However, some users ignore update notifications or security patches, making them vulnerable.

It is not just antivirus software that needs patching. According to AgeScan’s Vulnerability Statistics report, eighteen percent of all network-level vulnerabilities are caused by unpublished applications – Apache, Cisco, Microsoft, WordPress, BSD, PHP, and more. Your applications need constant attention to keep bad actors from exploiting holes in your security. || types of hacking

If you have spent any time with a computer or mobile device in the last 10 years, you will almost certainly have noticed that the device shows the need to apply security patches. Whether you are using gaming consoles such as Android or Apple smartphones, desktop PCs, notebooks, tablets or even gaming consoles, the software will periodically ask you to approve an update – or it just gives itself Will update

It seems that these updates always appear at the most depressing times, but it is important to let them do their work. They are not meant to delay you and keep you away from your everyday chores. Software updates can include many things, such as new features and content, but one important thing they do is security patches.

Without the most recent security patch, your system is potentially vulnerable to cyber attack. Even the best designed software cannot anticipate every future threat to cyber security. Security patches protect your devices and the data on them by applying the latest updates that respond to the latest threats.   || types of hacking

Cracking Passwords

Hackers can obtain your credentials through many means, but they usually do what is known as Keeling. Through a social engineering attack, you can accidentally download software recording your keystrokes, saving your username and password as soon as you enter them. This and other forms of “spyware” are malware that tracks your activity until a hacker needs to strike. And it’s not just for you to worry about downloading, attackers can deploy malware to users on the machine if they are in your environment and can also capture your credibility via keeling.

There are also password cracking programs that can run letters and character combinations, guessing the password in a few minutes, even seconds. For example, a five-character password can have about 100 different combinations, and a simple password cracker can run them all in seconds.

password-cracking techniques used by hackers:

1. Phishing

Perhaps the most commonly used hacking technique today, phishing is an attempt to steal user information by disguising malicious content as a trusted communication. Although the term is commonly associated with email, and there are terms to describe other means – such as ‘smishing’ (SMS phishing) – phishing can occur in any type of electronic communication.
Specific strategy is to trick the user into clicking a specific link or downloading an attachment. Instead of being directed to a useful resource, a malicious file is downloaded and executed on the user’s machine. What happens next depends entirely on the malware being executed – some may encrypt files and prevent the user from accessing the machine, while others remain hidden to serve as a backdoor to other malware. Can try
As computer literacy has improved, and as users have become accustomed to online threats, phishing techniques have had to become more sophisticated. Today’s phishing usually involves some form of social engineering, where the message is sent from a legitimate, often well-known company, which informs its customers that they need to take some kind of action. Netflix, Amazon and Facebook are often used for this purpose, as it is highly likely that the victim will have an account associated with these brands.
The days of emails from alleged princes in Nigeria, in search of an heir, or firms working on behalf of wealthy deceased relatives, are few and far between these days, though you still claim the odd, wildly extraordinary, here and there. Can.

Our recent favorite is the case of the first Nigerian astronaut, who is unfortunately lost to space and requires us to act as a man in the middle for a $ 3 million dollar transfer to the Russian space agency – which apparently Returns flights.

2. Social engineering

Speaking of social engineering, this typically refers to the process of tricking users into believing the hacker is a legitimate agent. A common tactic is for hackers to call a victim and pose as technical support, asking for things like network access passwords in order to provide assistance. This can be just as effective if done in person, using a fake uniform and credentials, although that’s far less common these days.

Successful social engineering attacks can be incredibly convincing and highly lucrative, as was the case when the CEO of a UK-based energy company lost £201,000 to hackers after they tricked him with an AI tool that mimicked his assistant’s voice.

3. Malware

Keyloggers, screen scrapers, and a host of other malicious tools all fall under the umbrella of malware, malicious software designed to steal personal software. Along with highly disruptive malicious software such as ransomware, which attempts to block access to the entire system, there are also families with highly specialized malware specifically targeting passwords.

Keyloggers, and their ilk, record user activity, whether through keystrokes or screenshots, which are then shared with hackers. Some malware can also prey through the system for user passwords or data associated with a web browser.

4. Brute force attack

Brute force attacks refer to various methods of hacking, including all guessing passwords to access the system.

A simple example of a brute force attack would be a hacker who guesses a person’s password based on relevant clues, however, they may be more sophisticated than this. Credential recycling, for example, depends on the fact that many people reuse their passwords, some of which may have been exposed by previous data breaches. Reverse brute force attacks involve hackers who take some of the most commonly used passwords and try to guess the corresponding username.  || types of hacking

Most brute force attacks employ some type of automated processing, allowing large amounts of passwords to be fed into a system.

5. Dictionary attack

The dictionary attack is a slightly more sophisticated example of a brute force attack.

This uses an automated process of feeding a list of commonly-used passwords and phrases into a computer system until something fits. Most dictionaries will be made up of credentials gained from previous hacks, although they will also contain the most common passwords and word combinations.

This technique takes advantage of the fact that many people will use memorable phrases as passwords, which are usually whole words stuck together. This is largely the reason why systems will urge the use of multiple character types when creating a password.

6. Mask attack

Where dictionary attacks use a list of all possible phrases and word combinations, mask attacks are far more specific in their scope, often refining approximations based on characters or numbers – usually established in existing knowledge .

For example, if a hacker knows that a password starts with a number, they will be able to tailor the mask to try only those types of passwords. Password length, arrangement of characters, whether special characters are included, or how many times a single character is repeated are some of the criteria that can be used to configure a mask.

The goal here is to reduce the time it takes to crack a password and remove any unnecessary processing.

7. Rainbow table attack

Whenever a password is stored on a system, it is usually encrypted using a ‘hash’, or a cryptographic alias, making it impossible to determine the corresponding password without a hash. To circumvent this, hackers maintain and share directories that record passwords and their associated hashes, often built from previous hacks, reducing the time it takes to break the system (using brute Carried out in force attacks).

Rainbow tables go a step further than just providing a password and its hashes, these store a pre-listed list of all possible plain text versions of encrypted passwords based on a hash algorithm. Hackers can then compare these listings with any encrypted password they search for in a company’s system.

A lot of calculations are done before an attack occurs, making it much easier and quicker to launch an attack than other methods. The downside for cybercriminals is that the sheer amount of possible combinations means that rainbow tables can contain enormous, often hundreds of gigabytes in size.

8. Network analysers

Network analyzers are devices that allow hackers to monitor and intercept data packets sent over the network and pick up plain text passwords contained within them.

Such an attack requires malware or physical use in network switches, but can prove to be highly effective. It does not depend on system vulnerability or exploitation of network bugs, and as applied to most internal networks. It is also common to use a network analyzer during the first phase of an attack, followed by brute force attacks.

Of course, businesses can use these tools to scan their own networks, which can be particularly useful for running diagnostics or troubleshooting. Using a network analyzer, administrators can detect what information is being transmitted in plain text, and put policies in place to prevent this from happening.

The only way to stop this attack is to secure traffic through a VPN or something similar.

9. Spidering

Social engineering and phishing represent very similar techniques to those used in attacks. Typically, this requires more leg work on the part of the hacker, but at the same time increases the likelihood that the attack will be successful.

Spiders describe the process of a hacker knowing their target, to the extent that they are able to obtain credentials based on their activity. For example, many organizations run internal services with passwords that are related to their business in some way, mainly because it makes it easier for employees to remember.

If a hacker is aware of their target functions for a particular company, they can take steps to try an internal Wi-Fi network or employee handbook to further their understanding. They can also study the products that the business makes to list possible word combinations, which can then be used in a brute force attack.  || types of hacking

Like many entries in this list, this process is usually underlined by automation.

10. Offline cracking

It is important to remember that not all hacking takes place over an Internet connection. In fact, most tasks are offline, especially because most systems place limits on the number of estimates allowed before closing an account.

Offline hacking usually involves the process of decrypting the password using a list of hashes taken from a recent data breach. Without the threat of detection or password restrictions, hackers are able to take their time.

Of course, this can only be done when an initial attack has been successfully launched, whether that hacker is acquiring an advanced privilege and using a SQL injection attack, or by stumbling upon an insecure server, accessing the database Are making.

Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS)

This hacking technique is aimed at taking down a website, so that no user can access it or serve it. DoS attacks serve to burn the target’s servers with a large flow of traffic. This amount is so high and high that it can overload it by handling more requests to the server. Eventually, your server crashes and your website goes down with it.

Large businesses may be affected by the Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack, which is a coordinated attack on multiple servers or websites, potentially degrading many online assets.  || types of hacking

Examples of DDoS attacks

There is little history and two notable attacks here.

In 2000, Michael Callus, a 15-year-old boy who used the online name “MafiaBoy”, launched one of the first recorded DDoS attacks. Calce hacked into the computer networks of many universities. It used its servers to conduct a DDoS attack that crashed several major websites including CNN, e-Trade, eBay and Yahoo. Calles was convicted in Montreal Youth Court for his crimes. As an adult, he became a “white-hat hacker” identifying vulnerabilities in major companies’ computer systems. || types of hacking

More recently, in 2016, Deer, a major domain name system provider – or DNS – was hit with a major DDoS attack, with major websites including AirBnB, CNN, Netflix, PayPal, Spotify, Visa, Amazon, The New And services included. York Times, Reddit and GitHub.

The gaming industry has been the target of software and media companies as well as DDoS attacks.

DDoS attacks are sometimes done to divert the attention of the target organization. Although the target organization focuses on the DDoS attack, cybercrime may pursue a primary motivation such as installing malicious software or stealing data.

DDoS attacks have been used as hacktivists’ weapons of profit, with profit-inducing cybercriminals, nation states, and even – especially in the early years of DDoS attacks – demanding computer whiz make a grand gesture Huh.